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Canada

Canada is involved in the non-international armed conflict against the Islamic State group by providing military support to the coalition airstrikes in Iraq.

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Georgia

Since 2008, the Georgian territories of Abkhazia and South Ossetia have been occupied by Russia.

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Russia

Russia is involved in the non-international armed conflicts in Syria, an international armed conflict with Ukraine and a series of military occupations, namely the occupation of Crimea and other regions of Ukraine, the occupations of South Ossetia and Abkhazia in Georgia, and the occupation of the Transdniestria in Moldova.

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Moldova

Part of Moldovan territory is occupied by Russia. The Russian occupation extends over a strip of land on the east bank of Moldova’s Dniester River, known as Transdniestria.

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Ethiopia

Ethiopia continues to occupy part of Eritrean territory. In addition, Ethiopia is involved in the non-international armed conflict against al-Shabaab in Somalia.

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Armenia

Armenia occupies part of Azerbaijan’s territory, the Nagorno-Karabakh region.

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Cyprus

Since 1974, Turkey has occupied the northern part of Cyprus.

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Azerbaijan

Part of Azerbaijani territory, the Nagorno-Karabakh region, is occupied by Armenia.

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Mali

Since 2012, the Government of Mali has engaged in multiple and overlapping non-international armed conflicts against various Islamist insurgent groups, most notably Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin, the Plateforme, and the Coordination of Azawad Movements. The Government of Mali is supported by a peacekeeping mission, the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization…

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Colombia

Colombia has experienced one of the longest non-international armed conflicts (NIACs) in modern times. Notably, the Government of Colombia is still involved in parallel NIACs against the Ejército de Liberación Nacional (National Liberation Army) (ELN) and the FARC-EP dissident group (Bloque Oriental (Eastern Bloc)).

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Ukraine

Parts of Ukrainian territory are occupied by Russia. From February 2014 to February 2022, Ukraine had been involved in non-international armed conflicts on its territory against the self-proclaimed ‘People’s Republics’ of Donetsk and Luhansk’. However, since Russia exercises overall control over the non-state actors, in Spring 2022 the conflict turned…

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Syria

Syria is currently engaged in a series of armed conflicts. First, the Syrian government is engaged in several non-international armed conflicts against a wide array of rebel groups. Second, there is arguably an international armed conflict between Syria and members of the US-led international coalition and Turkey. There is arguably…

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Iraq

Iraq is involved in a non-international armed conflict against against the Islamic State group in its own territory since January 2014. Iraq is also involved in an international armed conflict with Turkey due to the latter’s use of force against Kurdish militants in northern Iraq without the consent of Iraq.

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Somalia

Somalia is involved in the non-international armed conflict on its territory against Islamist insurgent groups, most prominently al-Shabaab.

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Pakistan

Pakistan is involved in non-international armed conflicts with various armed groups acting throughout its territory, particularly Taliban-affiliated groups in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas and independence fighters in Balochistan. The tensions with India over the status of Kashmir regularly lead to armed violence amounting to an international armed conflict.

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Nigeria

Nigeria is involved in two parallel non-international armed conflicts against the non-state armed groups Boko Haram and the Islamic State in West Africa Province (ISWAP).

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India

India is involved in a non-international armed conflict on its territory with the Naxalites. The tensions with Pakistan over the status of Kashmir regularly cause armed clashes leading to an international armed conflict. Furthermore, clashes between India and China amounted to an international armed conflict in 2020.

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Democratic Republic of Congo

The Democratic Republic of Congo is engaged in several non-international armed conflicts on its territory against a number of non-state armed groups. A United Nations peacekeeping operation, the UN Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO), is supporting the Congolese armed forces (FARDC). Rwanda has intervened…

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Myanmar

Myanmar is involved in a series of non-international armed conflict on its territory against a number of Ethnic Armed Organizations (EAOs).

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Sudan

Sudan is involved in non-international armed conflicts on its territory. As a member of the Saudi-led coalition that supports the Yemen government, Sudan is also a party to the non-international armed conflicts in Yemen.

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